FarsiGo Specification v0.1
Introduction
Welcome to the official FarsiGo Specification.
FarsiGo is an AI-engineered simplified fork of Persian designed for learning, writing, and communication.
Its purpose is not to replace Persian.
Its purpose is to make Persian easier to learn, easier to write, and easier to speak while preserving its vocabulary, identity, and cultural richness.
FarsiGo reduces grammatical complexity instead of reducing expressive power.
Rather than relying on extensive verb conjugation, FarsiGo expresses grammar through a small set of predictable helper words and a minimal number of grammatical rules.
The project is inspired by a simple observation:
People usually communicate long before they master grammar.
FarsiGo embraces that reality.
Its philosophy is simple:
Communication comes before perfection.
Keep the words. Simplify the grammar.
Design Philosophy
FarsiGo follows four fundamental principles.
Preserve Persian vocabulary.
Simplify Persian grammar.
Prefer consistency over exceptions.
Design grammar for communication before perfection.
Official Editions
Every official document in the FarsiGo project is published in four official editions.
- English
- Persian
- FarsiGo
- Pinglish
These editions are not automatic translations.
Each edition is written and maintained independently.
They present the same ideas while respecting the needs of different readers.
About Pinglish
Every FarsiGo example is accompanied by its official Pinglish representation.
Example
FarsiGo
من خواهد خورد man khahad khord.
Pinglish is one of the four official editions of the FarsiGo project.
It represents FarsiGo using the Latin alphabet.
Pinglish is not an automatic transliteration.
It follows its own official writing standard and is maintained manually just like the English, Persian, and FarsiGo editions.
Its goals are:
- Help learners who cannot yet read the Persian script.
- Make FarsiGo writable on any keyboard or device.
- Provide a consistent Latin representation for documentation, dictionaries, educational material, search engines, and AI systems.
Pinglish is not intended to replace the Persian alphabet.
It is a bridge that helps learners begin communicating immediately while gradually becoming familiar with Persian writing.
Throughout this specification, Pinglish always appears immediately after every FarsiGo example for quick reading and pronunciation.
Example
I will eat.
من خواهد خورد - man khahad khord.
2. Core Grammar
The grammar of FarsiGo is built on a small number of predictable rules.
Instead of memorizing dozens of verb conjugations, learners combine a single verb form with a few helper words.
The objective is to minimize grammatical complexity while preserving natural communication.
2.1 Sentence Building Blocks
Every FarsiGo sentence is built from a small number of reusable language blocks.
Instead of memorizing long lists of grammatical rules, learners simply combine these blocks to create sentences.
Most everyday communication can be expressed using only a few building blocks.
The Language Blocks
A FarsiGo sentence may contain the following elements:
| Block | Purpose |
|---|---|
| Subject | Who performs the action |
| Object | What receives the action (optional) |
| Base Verb | The main action |
| Helper Verb | Supports compound verbs (optional) |
| Helper Word | Expresses tense or modality (optional) |
| Time Marker | Indicates when the action happens (optional) |
Not every sentence requires every block.
Simple sentences often use only three blocks.
Visual Structure
Sentence
│
├── Subject
├── Object (optional)
├── Base Verb
├── Helper Verb (optional)
├── Helper Word (optional)
└── Time Marker (optional)
Example 1
I eat.
من خورد. — man khord.
Blocks
- Subject → من
- Base Verb → خورد
Example 2
I eat bread.
من نان خورد. — man nan khord.
Blocks
- Subject → من
- Object → نان
- Base Verb → خورد
Example 3
I am eating.
من می خورد. — man mi khord.
Blocks
- Subject → من
- Helper Word → می
- Base Verb → خورد
Example 4
I work.
من کار کرد. — man kar kard.
Blocks
- Subject → من
- Compound Noun → کار
- Helper Verb → کرد
Example 5
I will study tomorrow.
فردا من مطالعه خواهد کرد. — farda man motale'e khahad kard.
Blocks
- Time Marker → فردا
- Subject → من
- Compound Noun → مطالعه
- Helper Word → خواهد
- Helper Verb → کرد
Design Principle
FarsiGo is designed around reusable language blocks.
Instead of learning many verb conjugations, learners combine a small number of predictable elements.
This block-based approach makes the language:
- Easier to learn
- Easier to remember
- Easier to teach
- Easier to process by AI systems
- Easier to expand in future versions
2.2 Sentence Structure
FarsiGo preserves the natural sentence structure of Persian whenever possible.
The language simplifies grammar without changing the familiar order of words.
This allows Persian speakers to read FarsiGo naturally while making it easier for learners to construct sentences.
Basic Sentence
Pattern
Subject + Verb
Examples
I eat.
من خورد. — man khord.
She sleeps.
او خوابید. — oo khabid.
Sentence with Object
Pattern
Subject + Object + Verb
Examples
I eat bread.
من نان خورد. — man nan khord.
She reads a book.
او کتاب خواند. — oo ketab khand.
Compound Verb Sentence
Compound verbs follow the same sentence structure.
The complete rules for compound verbs are described in Section 2.4.
Examples
I study.
من مطالعه کرد man motale'e kard.
She will study.
من مطالعه کرد. — man motale'e kard.
Negative Sentences
Negative sentences preserve the same word order.
Only the verb or helper verb becomes negative.
Examples
I do not eat.
من نخورد man nakhord.
She is not here.
او اینجا نیست. — oo inja nist.
Questions
Questions also preserve the normal Persian sentence order.
Only the question word or the speaker's intonation changes.
Examples
Where are you?
تو کجا هست؟ — to koja hast?
What do you eat?
تو چه خورد؟ — to che khord?
When will she come?
او کی خواهد آمد؟ — oo key khahad amad?
Design Principle
FarsiGo preserves the familiar Persian sentence structure.
Learners should learn new grammar, not new word order.
By keeping the sentence structure familiar, FarsiGo reduces cognitive load and allows learners to focus on vocabulary and communication.
2.3 One Verb Form
One of the fundamental principles of FarsiGo is that every lexical verb has only one fixed base form.
Unlike traditional Persian, verbs are not conjugated according to person or number.
Instead, grammatical meaning is expressed through helper words, helper verbs, and time markers.
This dramatically reduces the amount of grammar learners need to memorize.
Base Verbs
Examples
رفت — raft
خورد — khord
گفت — goft
دید — did
خواند — khand
نوشت — nevesht
These forms never change.
Person Does Not Change the Verb
I eat.
من خورد. — man khord.
You eat.
تو خورد. — to khord.
She eats.
او خورد. — oo khord.
We eat.
ما خورد. — ma khord.
They eat.
آنها خورد. — anha khord.
Number Does Not Change the Verb
One child eats.
آنها خورد. — anha khord.
Five children eat.
پنج کودک خورد. — panj koodak khord.
Tense Does Not Change the Base Verb
The base verb always remains the same.
Only helper words or time markers change.
Examples
I eat.
من خورد. — man khord.
I am eating.
من می خورد. — man mi khord.
I ate yesterday.
دیروز من خورد. — dirooz man khord.
I will eat.
من خواهد خورد. — man khahad khord.
Design Principle
Traditional Persian teaches many forms of the same verb.
FarsiGo teaches one verb and a small number of helper words.
This approach reduces memorization, increases predictability, and allows learners to begin communicating much earlier.
One verb. Many meanings.
2.4 Compound Verbs
Compound verbs are one of the defining characteristics of Persian.
A large percentage of everyday Persian verbs are compound verbs.
Rather than replacing them, FarsiGo preserves them while simplifying their grammar.
The noun or verbal element never changes.
Only the helper verb carries the grammatical information.
Structure
Pattern
Noun (or Verbal Element) + Helper Verb
Examples
کار کرد. — kar kard.
مطالعه کرد. — motale'e kard.
استفاده کرد. — estefade kard.
کمک کرد. — komak kard.
تلاش کرد. — talash kard.
تمرین کرد. — tamrin kard.
Present
I study.
من مطالعه کرد. — man motale'e kard.
She works.
او کار کرد. — oo kar kard.
They use the system.
آنها از سیستم استفاده کرد. — anha az system estefade kard.
Progressive
I am studying.
من مطالعه میکند. — man motale'e mi konad.
She is working.
او کار میکند. — oo kar mi konad.
Future
I will study.
من مطالعه خواهد کرد. — man motale'e khahad kard.
She will work.
او کار خواهد کرد. — oo kar khahad kard.
They will use the system.
آنها از سیستم استفاده خواهد کرد. — anha az system estefade khahad kard.
Modal Examples
I must study.
من باید مطالعه کرد. — man bayad motale'e kard.
She wants to work.
او میخواست کار کرد. — oo mi khast kar kard.
They can practice.
آنها میتونست تمرین کرد. — anha mi toonest tamrin kard.
Future Rule
Simple verbs
Helper Word + Verb
Examples
خواهد خورد.
خواهد رفت.
خواهد گفت.
Compound verbs
Noun + Helper Word + Helper Verb
Examples
مطالعه خواهد کرد.
کار خواهد کرد.
استفاده خواهد کرد.
تمرین خواهد کرد.
کمک خواهد کرد.
Design Principle
FarsiGo preserves Persian compound verbs because they are one of the greatest strengths of the language.
Instead of simplifying Persian by removing compound verbs, FarsiGo simplifies the grammar around them.
Learners keep the richness of Persian vocabulary while memorizing only a small number of helper verbs.
Keep the compounds. Simplify the grammar.
2.5 Core Helper Verbs
Most FarsiGo verbs follow the One Verb Form principle.
However, three helper verbs preserve a small number of fixed forms because they are essential to the structure of Persian.
These verbs carry much of the grammatical information while allowing the rest of the language to remain simple and predictable.
The Three Core Helper Verbs
| Helper Verb | Function |
|---|---|
| بودن | Expresses existence and state |
| کردن | Forms compound verbs and actions |
| شدن | Expresses change of state and passive meaning |
بودن (To Be)
The verb بودن expresses identity, existence, condition, and location.
Examples
I am happy.
من خوشحال هست. — man khoshhal hast.
The weather was good.
هوا خوب بود. — hava khoob bood.
کردن (To Do)
The verb کردن is the foundation of thousands of Persian compound verbs.
Examples
I study.
من مطالعه کرد. — man motale'e kard.
She works.
او کار کرد. — oo kar kard.
شدن (To Become)
The verb شدن expresses change, transformation, completion, and many passive constructions.
Examples
I became surprised.
من شگفتزده شد. — man shegeftzade shod.
The door opened.
در باز شد. — dar baz shod.
Why Only Three?
FarsiGo intentionally limits its helper verbs.
These three verbs appear throughout everyday Persian and support a large portion of the language.
Keeping them while simplifying all other verbs provides a balance between simplicity and natural expression.
Their complete conjugation rules are described in Chapter 3 – Helper Verbs.
2.6 Grammar Words
FarsiGo expresses most grammatical meaning through a small number of helper words.
Instead of changing the verb, helper words indicate tense, aspect, or modality.
These helper words never change according to person or number.
This makes the grammar predictable, compact, and easy to learn.
Core Helper Words
| Helper Word | Primary Function |
|---|---|
| می | Progressive (Continuous) |
| خواهد | Future |
| باید | Obligation |
| میخواست | Desire |
| میتونست | Ability |
می
Expresses an action that is in progress.
I am eating.
من می خورد. — man mi khord.
خواهد
Expresses future actions.
I will eat.
من خواهد خورد. — man khahad khord.
باید
Expresses obligation or necessity.
I must eat.
من باید خورد. — man bayad khord.
میخواست
Expresses desire or intention.
I want to eat.
من میخواست خورد. — man mi khast khord.
میتونست
Expresses ability.
I can eat.
من میتونست خورد. — man mi toonest khord.
Design Principle
Helper words carry grammatical meaning.
Base verbs remain stable.
This separation makes FarsiGo easier to read, easier to remember, and easier to generate.
The detailed usage of helper words is explained in the following chapters on Tenses and Modality.
3. Core Helper Verbs
Unlike ordinary verbs, FarsiGo preserves a small set of fixed forms for three core helper verbs.
These verbs are fundamental to Persian grammar and support a large portion of everyday communication.
All other verbs follow the One Verb Form principle described in Chapter 2.
3.1 The Verb "To Be"
The helper verb بودن expresses existence, identity, location, and state.
Forms
| Meaning | FarsiGo | Pinglish |
|---|---|---|
| Present | هست | hast |
| Negative Present | نیست | nist |
| Past | بود | bood |
| Negative Past | نبود | nabood |
| Imperative | باش | baash |
| Negative Imperative | نباش | nabaash |
Examples
I am tired.
من خسته هست. — man khaste hast.
I was tired.
من خسته بود. — man khaste bood.
She is not here.
او اینجا نیست. — oo inja nist.
The weather was good.
هوا خوب بود. — hava khoob bood
Stay here.
اینجا باش. — inja baash.
Don't worry.
نگران نباش. — negaran nabaash.
3.2 The Verb "To Do"
The helper verb کردن is the foundation of Persian compound verbs.
Forms
| Meaning | FarsiGo | Pinglish |
|---|---|---|
| Present Continuous | میکند | mi konad |
| Past | کرد | kard |
| Past Continuous | میکرد | mi kard |
| Future | خواهد کرد | khahad kard |
| Imperative | کن | kon |
| Negative Imperative | نکن | nakon |
Examples
I study.
من مطالعه کرد. — man motale'e kard.
I am studying.
من مطالعه میکند. — man motale'e mi konad.
I will study.
من مطالعه خواهد کرد. — man motale'e khahad kard.
Study!
مطالعه کن. — motale'e kon.
Don't study.
مطالعه نکن. — motale'e nakon.
3.3 The Verb "To Become"
The helper verb شدن expresses change, transformation, completion, and many passive constructions.
Forms
| Meaning | FarsiGo | Pinglish |
|---|---|---|
| Present Continuous | میشود | mi shavad |
| Past | شد | shod |
| Past Continuous | میشد | mi shod |
| Future | خواهد شد | khahad shod |
| Imperative | بشود | beshavad |
| Negative Imperative | نشود | nashavad |
Examples
I became surprised.
من شگفتزده شد. — man shegeftzade shod.
The door opened.
در باز شد. — dar baz shod.
Everything will be ready.
همهچیز آماده خواهد شد. — hamechiz amade khahad shod.
Become calm.
آرام بشو. — aram sho.
Do not become worried.
نگران نشود. — negaran nashavad.
Design Principle
FarsiGo preserves only three helper verbs:
- بودن
- کردن
- شدن
Together, these verbs provide the grammatical foundation for a large portion of Persian while allowing all other verbs to remain simple and unconjugated.
This balance preserves the natural character of Persian while significantly reducing grammatical complexity.
4. Tenses
FarsiGo expresses tense through helper words and time markers rather than verb conjugation.
The base verb always remains unchanged.
| Tense | Formula |
|---|---|
| Present Simple | Subject + Verb |
| Present Continuous | Subject + می + Verb |
| Past Simple | Time Marker + Subject + Verb |
| Past Continuous | Time Marker + Subject + می + Verb |
| Future Simple | Subject + خواهد + Verb |
| Future Continuous | Future Time Marker + Subject + می + Verb |
4.1 Present Simple
The Present Simple describes facts, habits, repeated actions, and general truths.
Unlike traditional Persian, the verb never changes according to person or number.
Pattern
Positive
Subject + Base Verb
or
Subject + Compound Noun + Helper Verb
Negative
Subject + Negative Base Verb
or
Subject + Compound Noun + Negative Helper Verb
Question
Question + Subject + Base Verb
or
Question + Subject + Compound Noun + Helper Verb
Positive
Examples
I eat.
من خورد. — man khord.
You eat.
تو خورد. — to khord.
She eats.
او خورد. — oo khord.
We eat bread.
ما نان خورد. — ma nan khord.
They work.
آنها کار کرد. — anha kar kard.
She studies.
او مطالعه کرد. — oo motale'e kard.
Negative
Examples
I do not eat.
من نخورد. — man nakhord.
You do not eat.
تو نخورد. — to nakhord.
She does not eat.
او نخورد. — oo nakhord.
We do not work.
ما کار نکرد. — ma kar nakard.
They do not study.
آنها مطالعه نکرد. — anha motale'e nakard.
Question
Examples
Do you eat?
آیا تو خورد؟ — aya to khord?
Does she eat?
آیا او خورد؟ — aya oo khord?
Do they work?
آیا آنها کار کرد؟ — aya anha kar kard?
Do you study?
آیا تو مطالعه کرد؟ — aya to motale'e kard?
Does she work?
آیا او کار کرد؟ — aya oo kar kard?
Usage
Use the Present Simple for:
- Facts
- Habits
- Daily routines
- General statements
Examples
The sun rises in the east.
خورشید از شرق طلوع کرد. — khorshid az shargh toloo kard.
I drink coffee every morning.
من هر صبح قهوه خورد. — man har sobh ghahve khord.
Birds fly.
پرنده پرواز کرد. — parande parvaz kard.
Compare with Persian
| Traditional Persian | FarsiGo |
|---|---|
| من میخورم | من خورد |
| تو میخوری | تو خورد |
| او میخورد | او خورد |
| ما میخوریم | ما خورد |
| آنها میخورند | آنها خورد |
Design Principle
The Present Simple demonstrates the core philosophy of FarsiGo.
Only one verb form is required.
The subject determines who performs the action.
The verb itself never changes.
One verb. Every person.
4.2 Present Continuous
The Present Continuous describes actions that are happening now or are currently in progress.
FarsiGo expresses the Present Continuous by placing the helper word می before the base verb.
The base verb itself never changes.
Pattern
Positive
Subject + می + Base Verb
or
Subject + Compound Noun + میکند
Negative
Subject + نمی + Base Verb
or
Subject + Compound Noun + نمیکند
Question
Question + Subject + می + Base Verb
or
Question + Subject + Compound Noun + میکند
Positive
Examples
I am eating.
من می خورد. — man mi khord.
She is reading.
او می خواند. — oo mi khand.
They are going.
آنها می رفت. — anha mi raft.
I am working.
من کار میکند. — man kar mi konad.
She is studying.
او مطالعه میکند. — oo motale'e mi konad.
Negative
Examples
I am not eating.
من نمی خورد. — man nemi khord.
She is not reading.
او نمی خواند. — oo nemi khand.
They are not going.
آنها نمی رفت. — anha nemi raft.
I am not working.
من کار نمیکند. — man kar nemi konad.
She is not studying.
او مطالعه نمیکند. — oo motale'e nemi konad.
Question
Examples
Are you eating?
آیا تو می خورد؟ — aya to mi khord?
Is she reading?
آیا او می خواند؟ — aya oo mi khand?
Are they going?
آیا آنها می رفت؟ — aya anha mi raft?
Are you working?
آیا تو کار میکند؟ — aya to kar mi konad?
Is she studying?
آیا او مطالعه میکند؟ — aya oo motale'e mi konad?
Usage
Use the Present Continuous for:
- Actions happening now
- Temporary situations
- Ongoing activities
Examples
I am eating breakfast.
من صبحانه می خورد. — man sobhane mi khord.
She is studying Persian.
او فارسی مطالعه میکند. — oo farsi motale'e mi konad.
We are working together.
ما با هم کار میکند. — ma ba ham kar mi konad.
Compare with Persian
| Traditional Persian | FarsiGo |
|---|---|
| من میخورم | من می خورد |
| تو میخوری | تو می خورد |
| او میخورد | او می خورد |
| ما میخوریم | ما می خورد |
| آنها میخورند | آنها می خورد |
Design Principle
The helper word می expresses an action in progress.
Instead of changing the verb for different persons, FarsiGo keeps the verb unchanged and uses a single progressive marker.
One marker. One verb. Every person.
4.3 Past Simple
The Past Simple describes actions that happened in the past and are now complete.
FarsiGo normally expresses the past by using a time marker rather than changing the verb.
The base verb always remains unchanged.
Pattern
Positive
Time Marker + Subject + Base Verb
or
Time Marker + Subject + Compound Noun + Helper Verb
Negative
Time Marker + Subject + Negative Base Verb
or
Time Marker + Subject + Compound Noun + Negative Helper Verb
Question
Question + Time Marker + Subject + Base Verb
or
Question + Time Marker + Subject + Compound Noun + Helper Verb
Positive
Examples
I ate yesterday.
دیروز من خورد. — dirooz man khord.
She went yesterday.
دیروز او رفت. — dirooz oo raft.
They arrived last night.
دیشب آنها رسید. — dishab anha resid.
I worked yesterday.
دیروز من کار کرد. — dirooz man kar kard.
She studied yesterday.
دیروز او مطالعه کرد. — dirooz oo motale'e kard.
Negative
Examples
I did not eat yesterday.
دیروز من نخورد. — dirooz man nakhord.
She did not go yesterday.
دیروز او نرفت. — dirooz oo naraft.
They did not arrive last night.
دیشب آنها نرسید. — dishab anha naresid.
I did not work yesterday.
دیروز من کار نکرد. — dirooz man kar nakard.
She did not study yesterday.
دیروز او مطالعه نکرد. — dirooz oo motale'e nakard.
Question
Examples
Did you eat yesterday?
آیا دیروز تو خورد؟ — aya dirooz to khord?
Did she go yesterday?
آیا دیروز او رفت؟ — aya dirooz oo raft?
Did they arrive last night?
آیا دیشب آنها رسید؟ — aya dishab anha resid?
Did you work yesterday?
آیا دیروز تو کار کرد؟ — aya dirooz to kar kard?
Did she study yesterday?
آیا دیروز او مطالعه کرد؟ — aya dirooz oo motale'e kard?
Usage
Use the Past Simple for:
- Completed actions
- Past events
- Historical facts
- Finished activities
Examples
I visited Tehran.
من تهران سفر کرد. — man tehran safar kard.
She finished her work.
او کار تمام کرد. — oo kar tamam kard.
They played football.
آنها فوتبال بازی کرد. — anha football bazi kard.
Compare with Persian
| Persian | FarsiGo |
|---|---|
| من خوردم | دیروز من خورد |
| تو خوردی | دیروز تو خورد |
| او خورد | دیروز او خورد |
| ما خوردیم | دیروز ما خورد |
| آنها خوردند | دیروز آنها خورد |
Design Principle
FarsiGo prefers expressing the past through time markers instead of verb conjugation.
When the time is already clear from the context, the time marker may be omitted.
Time expresses the past. The verb remains the same.
4.4 Past Continuous
The Past Continuous describes actions that were in progress at a specific time in the past.
FarsiGo expresses the Past Continuous by combining a past time marker with the progressive marker می.
The base verb never changes.
Pattern
Positive
Time Marker + Subject + می (mi) + Base Verb
or
Time Marker + Subject + Compound Noun + میکرد (mi kard)
Negative
Time Marker + Subject + نمی (nemi) + Base Verb
or
Time Marker + Subject + Compound Noun + نمیکرد (nemi kard)
Question
Question + Time Marker + Subject + می (mi) + Base Verb
or
Question + Time Marker + Subject + Compound Noun + میکرد (mi kard)
Positive
Examples
I was eating yesterday.
دیروز من می خورد. — dirooz man mi khord.
She was walking this morning.
امروز صبح او می رفت. — emrooz sobh oo mi raft.
They were sleeping last night.
دیشب آنها می خوابید. — dishab anha mi khabid.
I was working yesterday.
دیروز من کار میکرد. — dirooz man kar mi kard.
She was studying yesterday.
دیروز او مطالعه میکرد. — dirooz oo motale'e mi kard.
Negative
Examples
I was not eating yesterday.
دیروز من نمی خورد. — dirooz man nemi khord.
She was not walking this morning.
امروز صبح او نمی رفت. — emrooz sobh oo nemi raft.
They were not sleeping last night.
دیشب آنها نمی خوابید. — dishab anha nemi khabid.
I was not working yesterday.
دیروز من کار نمیکرد. — dirooz man kar nemi kard.
She was not studying yesterday.
دیروز او مطالعه نمیکرد. — dirooz oo motale'e nemi kard.
Question
Examples
Were you eating yesterday?
آیا دیروز تو می خورد؟ — aya dirooz to mi khord?
Was she walking this morning?
آیا امروز صبح او می رفت؟ — aya emrooz sobh oo mi raft?
Were they sleeping last night?
آیا دیشب آنها می خوابید؟ — aya dishab anha mi khabid?
Were you working yesterday?
آیا دیروز تو کار میکرد؟ — aya dirooz to kar mi kard?
Was she studying yesterday?
آیا دیروز او مطالعه میکرد؟ — aya dirooz oo motale'e mi kard?
Usage
Use the Past Continuous for:
- Ongoing actions in the past
- Background actions
- Interrupted actions
- Temporary situations in the past
Examples
I was eating when you called.
من می خورد وقتی تو تماس کرد. — man mi khord vaghti to tamas kard.
She was studying all evening.
تمام عصر او مطالعه میکرد. — tamam asr oo motale'e mi kard.
They were working together.
آنها با هم کار میکرد. — anha ba ham kar mi kard.
Compare with Persian
| Traditional Persian | FarsiGo |
|---|---|
| من میخوردم | دیروز من می خورد |
| تو میخوردی | دیروز تو می خورد |
| او میخورد | دیروز او می خورد |
| ما میخوردیم | دیروز ما می خورد |
| آنها میخوردند | دیروز آنها می خورد |
Design Principle
FarsiGo expresses the Past Continuous using only two grammatical markers:
- A time marker to indicate the past.
- The helper word می to indicate an ongoing action.
The verb itself never changes.
Past + Progressive = Time Marker + می + Base Verb
4.5 Future Simple
FarsiGo expresses the future using the helper word خواهد.
For simple verbs, خواهد appears before the base verb.
For compound verbs, خواهد appears between the noun and the helper verb.
The base verb never changes.
Pattern
Positive
Simple Verbs
Subject + خواهد + Base Verb
Compound Verbs
Subject + Compound Noun + خواهد + Helper Verb
Negative
Simple Verbs
Subject + نخواهد + Base Verb
Compound Verbs
Subject + Compound Noun + نخواهد + Helper Verb
Question
Simple Verbs
Question + Subject + خواهد + Base Verb
Compound Verbs
Question + Subject + Compound Noun + خواهد + Helper Verb
Future Time Markers
Future time markers are optional.
The helper word خواهد is sufficient to indicate the future.
Time markers such as فردا, بعداً, or هفته آینده are only used when the speaker wants to specify or emphasize the time of the action.
Examples
I will eat.
من خواهد خورد. — man khahad khord.
I will eat tomorrow.
فردا من خواهد خورد. — farda man khahad khord.
Both sentences are grammatically correct.
The second sentence simply provides more information about when the action will happen.
Positive
Examples
I will eat.
من خواهد خورد. — man khahad khord.
She will go.
او خواهد رفت. — oo khahad raft.
They will come tomorrow.
آنها فردا خواهد آمد. — anha farda khahad amad.
I will work.
من کار خواهد کرد. — man kar khahad kard.
She will study.
او مطالعه خواهد کرد. — oo motale'e khahad kard.
They will use the system.
آنها از سیستم استفاده خواهد کرد. — anha az system estefade khahad kard.
Negative
Examples
I will not eat.
من نخواهد خورد. — man nakhahad khord.
She will not go.
او نخواهد رفت. — oo nakhahad raft.
They will not come tomorrow.
آنها فردا نخواهد آمد. — anha farda nakhahad amad.
I will not work.
من کار نخواهد کرد. — man kar nakhahad kard.
She will not study.
او مطالعه نخواهد کرد. — oo motale'e nakhahad kard.
They will not use the system.
آنها از سیستم استفاده نخواهد کرد. — anha az system estefade nakhahad kard.
Question
Examples
Will you eat?
آیا تو خواهد خورد؟ — aya to khahad khord?
Will she go?
آیا او خواهد رفت؟ — aya oo khahad raft?
Will they come tomorrow?
آیا آنها فردا خواهد آمد؟ — aya anha farda khahad amad?
Will you work?
آیا تو کار خواهد کرد؟ — aya to kar khahad kard?
Will she study?
آیا او مطالعه خواهد کرد؟ — aya oo motale'e khahad kard?
Will they use the system?
آیا آنها از سیستم استفاده خواهد کرد؟ — aya anha az system estefade khahad kard?
Usage
Use the Future Simple for:
- Future actions
- Plans
- Predictions
- Intentions
Examples
I will visit Tehran.
من تهران سفر خواهد کرد. — man tehran safar khahad kard.
She will finish her work.
او کار تمام خواهد کرد. — oo kar tamam khahad kard.
We will meet tomorrow.
ما فردا ملاقات خواهد کرد. — ma farda molaghat khahad kard.
Compare with Persian
| Traditional Persian | FarsiGo |
|---|---|
| من خواهم خورد | من خواهد خورد |
| تو خواهی خورد | تو خواهد خورد |
| او خواهد خورد | او خواهد خورد |
| ما خواهیم خورد | ما خواهد خورد |
| آنها خواهند خورد | آنها خواهد خورد |
Design Principle
The helper word خواهد is the only future marker in FarsiGo.
It never changes according to person or number.
Simple verbs place خواهد before the verb.
Compound verbs place خواهد before the helper verb.
One future marker. One verb. Every person.
4.6 Future Continuous
The Future Continuous describes an action that will be in progress at a specific time in the future.
FarsiGo expresses Future Continuous using the structure:
در حال + infinitive verb + خواهد بود
For negative sentences, FarsiGo uses:
در حال + infinitive verb + نخواهد بود
This structure is intentionally close to natural Persian and clearly expresses an ongoing future action.
Pattern
Positive
Subject + Time Marker + در حال + Infinitive Verb + خواهد بود
Negative
Subject + Time Marker + در حال + Infinitive Verb + نخواهد بود
Question
آیا + Subject + Time Marker + در حال + Infinitive Verb + خواهد بود؟
Examples
Positive
I will be working at 8 PM.
من ساعت ۸ شب در حال کار کردن خواهد بود. — man saat 8 shab dar haal-e kar kardan khahad bood.
Negative
She will not be sleeping when you arrive.
وقتی تو برسد، او در حال خوابیدن نخواهد بود. — vaghti to beresad, oo dar haal-e khabidan nakhahad bood.
Question
Will you be watching TV?
آیا تو در حال تماشا کردن تلویزیون خواهد بود؟ — aya to dar haal-e tamasha kardan televizion khahad bood?
More Examples
I will be eating later.
بعداً من در حال غذا خوردن خواهد بود. — ba'dan man dar haal-e ghaza khordan khahad bood.
Tomorrow she will be studying.
فردا او در حال مطالعه کردن خواهد بود. — farda oo dar haal-e motale'e kardan khahad bood.
They will be traveling next week.
هفته آینده آنها در حال سفر کردن خواهد بود. — hafte ayande anha dar haal-e safar kardan khahad bood.
Compare with Persian
| Traditional Persian | FarsiGo |
|---|---|
| من ساعت ۸ شب در حال کار کردن خواهم بود | من ساعت ۸ شب در حال کار کردن خواهد بود |
| تو ساعت ۸ شب در حال کار کردن خواهی بود | تو ساعت ۸ شب در حال کار کردن خواهد بود |
| او ساعت ۸ شب در حال کار کردن خواهد بود | او ساعت ۸ شب در حال کار کردن خواهد بود |
| ما ساعت ۸ شب در حال کار کردن خواهیم بود | ما ساعت ۸ شب در حال کار کردن خواهد بود |
| آنها ساعت ۸ شب در حال کار کردن خواهند بود | آنها ساعت ۸ شب در حال کار کردن خواهد بود |
Design Principle
Future Continuous is one of the few tense structures where FarsiGo preserves an explicit Persian construction.
The phrase در حال clearly marks an ongoing action, and خواهد بود marks the future.
The structure stays simple because خواهد بود never changes according to person or number.
Future Continuous = در حال + فعل + خواهد بود
5. Modality
Modality expresses the speaker's attitude toward an action rather than the time of the action.
In FarsiGo, modality is expressed through a small set of helper words.
The base verb never changes.
5.1 Ability
The helper word میتونست expresses ability.
Pattern
Subject + میتونست + Base Verb
or
Subject + میتونست + Compound Noun + Helper Verb
Positive
Examples
I can eat.
من میتونست خورد. — man mi toonest khord.
She can work.
او میتونست کار کرد. — oo mi toonest kar kard.
Negative
Examples
I cannot eat.
من نمیتونست خورد. — man nemi toonest khord.
She cannot work.
او نمیتونست کار کرد. — oo nemi toonest kar kard.
Question
Examples
Can you eat?
آیا تو میتونست خورد؟ — aya to mi toonest khord?
Can she work?
آیا او میتونست کار کرد؟ — aya oo mi toonest kar kard?
5.2 Desire
The helper word میخواست expresses desire or intention.
Pattern
Subject + میخواست + Base Verb
or
Subject + میخواست + Compound Noun + Helper Verb
Positive
Examples
I want to eat.
من میخواست خورد. — man mi khast khord.
She wants to study.
او میخواست مطالعه کرد. — oo mi khast motale'e kard.
Negative
Examples
I do not want to eat.
من نمیخواست خورد. — man nemi khast khord.
She does not want to study.
او نمیخواست مطالعه کرد. — oo nemi khast motale'e kard.
Question
Examples
Do you want to eat?
آیا تو میخواست خورد؟ — aya to mi khast khord?
Does she want to study?
آیا او میخواست مطالعه کرد؟ — aya oo mi khast motale'e kard?
5.3 Obligation
The helper word باید expresses obligation or necessity.
Pattern
Subject + باید + Base Verb
or
Subject + باید + Compound Noun + Helper Verb
Positive
Examples
I must eat.
من باید خورد. — man bayad khord.
She must work.
او باید کار کرد. — oo bayad kar kard.
Negative
Examples
I must not eat.
من نباید خورد. — man nabayad khord.
She must not work.
او نباید کار کرد. — oo nabayad kar kard.
Question
Examples
Must you eat?
آیا تو باید خورد؟ — aya to bayad khord?
Must she work?
آیا او باید کار کرد؟ — aya oo bayad kar kard?
Compare with Persian
| Meaning | Traditional Persian | FarsiGo |
|---|---|---|
| Ability | میتوانم بخورم | میتونست خورد |
| Desire | میخواهم بخورم | میخواست خورد |
| Obligation | باید بخورم | باید خورد |
Design Principle
FarsiGo expresses modality through helper words instead of verb conjugation.
The modal word carries the grammatical meaning.
The base verb always remains unchanged.
One modal marker. One verb. Every person.
6. Imperative
The Imperative expresses commands, requests, instructions, or advice.
FarsiGo uses a simple and regular imperative system.
Positive commands are formed by adding بـ to the base verb.
Negative commands are formed by adding نـ to the base verb.
Unlike traditional Persian, imperative verbs are not conjugated according to person or number.
Pattern
Positive
ب + Base Verb
Negative
ن + Base Verb
Positive
Examples
Eat.
بخورد. — bekhord.
Read the book.
کتاب بخواند. — ketab bekhanad.
Write your name.
اسم خود بنوشت. — esm khod benevesht.
Go home.
خانه برفت. — khane beraft.
Help me.
من کمک بکرد. — man komak bekard.
Negative
Examples
Do not eat.
نخورد. — nakhord.
Do not read the book.
کتاب نخواند. — ketab nakhanad.
Do not write your name.
اسم خود ننوشت. — esm khod nanevesht.
Do not go home.
خانه نرفت. — khane naraft.
Do not worry.
نگران نباش. — negaran nabash.
Compare with Persian
| Traditional Persian | FarsiGo |
|---|---|
| بخور | بخورد |
| نخور | نخورد |
| بخوان | بخواند |
| نخوان | نخواند |
| بنویس | بنوشت |
| ننویس | ننوشت |
| برو | برفت |
| نرو | نرفت |
Design Principle
FarsiGo uses a fully regular imperative system.
Commands are created by attaching a fixed prefix to the base verb.
The base verb itself never changes.
This keeps the imperative easy to learn, predictable, and consistent with the overall philosophy of FarsiGo.
One prefix. One verb. Every command.
7. Time Markers
FarsiGo prefers expressing time through time markers rather than verb conjugation.
In many situations, the time of an action is understood from context.
When additional clarity is needed, a time marker can be added anywhere it sounds natural in Persian.
Common Time Markers
| Meaning | FarsiGo | Pinglish |
|---|---|---|
| Yesterday | دیروز | dirooz |
| Today | امروز | emrooz |
| Now | الان | alan |
| Tomorrow | فردا | farda |
| Before | قبلاً | ghablan |
| Later | بعداً | ba'dan |
| Last night | دیشب | dishab |
| This morning | امروز صبح | emrooz sobh |
| Tonight | امشب | emshab |
| Next week | هفته آینده | hafte ayande |
Examples
I ate yesterday.
دیروز من خورد. — dirooz man khord.
I am eating now.
الان من می خورد. — alan man mi khord.
I will eat tomorrow.
فردا من خواهد خورد. — farda man khahad khord.
I have eaten before.
قبلاً من خورد. — ghablan man khord.
I will be working tonight.
امشب من در حال کار کردن خواهد بود. — emshab man dar haal-e kar kardan khahad bood.
Placement
Time markers are flexible.
They usually appear at the beginning of the sentence, but they may also appear later if it sounds more natural.
Examples
Yesterday I ate.
دیروز من خورد. — dirooz man khord.
I ate yesterday.
من دیروز خورد. — man dirooz khord.
Both sentences are grammatically correct.
Design Principle
Time markers provide information about when an action happens.
They do not change the verb.
This allows FarsiGo to express tense with fewer grammatical rules while preserving natural Persian word order.
Time is expressed by words, not by conjugation.
8. Grammar at a Glance
This page summarizes the core grammar of FarsiGo.
If you understand the patterns below, you already know most of the language.
Tense Overview
| Tense | Positive | Negative | Question |
|---|---|---|---|
| Present Simple | خورد | نخورد | آیا خورد؟ |
| Present Continuous | می خورد | نمی خورد | آیا می خورد؟ |
| Past Simple | دیروز خورد | دیروز نخورد | آیا دیروز خورد؟ |
| Past Continuous | دیروز می خورد | دیروز نمی خورد | آیا دیروز می خورد؟ |
| Future Simple | خواهد خورد | نخواهد خورد | آیا خواهد خورد؟ |
| Future Continuous | در حال خوردن خواهد بود | در حال خوردن نخواهد بود | آیا در حال خوردن خواهد بود؟ |
Core Helper Words
| Word | Function |
|---|---|
| می | Progressive (Continuous) |
| خواهد | Future |
| باید | Obligation |
| میخواست | Desire |
| میتونست | Ability |
Core Helper Verbs
| Verb | Forms |
|---|---|
| بودن | هست • نیست • بود • نبود • باش • نباش |
| کردن | کرد • میکند • نمیکند • میکرد • نمیکرد • خواهد کرد • نخواهد کرد • کن • نکن |
| شدن | شد • میشود • نمیشود • میشد • نمیشد • خواهد شد • نخواهد شد • بشود • نشود |
Sentence Pattern
| Type | Pattern |
|---|---|
| Present Simple | Subject + Verb |
| Present Continuous | Subject + می + Verb |
| Past Simple | Time Marker + Subject + Verb |
| Past Continuous | Time Marker + Subject + می + Verb |
| Future Simple | Subject + خواهد + Verb |
| Future Continuous | Subject + در حال + Infinitive + خواهد بود |
Compound Verb Pattern
| Tense | Pattern |
|---|---|
| Present Simple | Subject + Noun + کرد |
| Present Continuous | Subject + Noun + میکند |
| Past Simple | Time Marker + Subject + Noun + کرد |
| Past Continuous | Time Marker + Subject + Noun + میکرد |
| Future Simple | Subject + Noun + خواهد کرد |
| Future Continuous | Subject + در حال + Noun + کردن + خواهد بود |
Time Markers
- دیروز — dirooz
- امروز — emrooz
- الان — alan
- فردا — farda
- قبلاً — ghablan
- بعداً — ba'dan
Design Philosophy
- Keep the words.
- Simplify the grammar.
- One verb. Many meanings.
- One future marker. Every person.
- Communication comes before perfection.
- Confidence comes before conjugation.
9. Design Decisions
This chapter explains the major design decisions behind FarsiGo.
The goal of FarsiGo is not to redesign Persian.
The goal is to reduce grammatical complexity while preserving the identity, vocabulary, and expressive power of the language.
Every simplification is intentional.
9.1 Why One Verb Form?
Traditional Persian requires learners to memorize many conjugated forms of every verb.
FarsiGo keeps only one base form for each lexical verb.
Grammatical meaning is expressed through helper words, helper verbs, and time markers.
This dramatically reduces memorization while preserving natural communication.
One verb. Many meanings.
9.2 Why Keep Compound Verbs?
Compound verbs are one of the greatest strengths of Persian.
Rather than removing them, FarsiGo preserves them.
Only the helper verb carries grammatical information.
This keeps Persian expressive while making it significantly easier to learn.
Keep the compounds. Simplify the grammar.
9.3 Why Three Core Helper Verbs?
Persian relies heavily on three helper verbs:
- بودن
- کردن
- شدن
Instead of replacing them, FarsiGo preserves a small number of their most useful forms.
These three verbs provide the grammatical foundation for a large portion of everyday Persian.
9.4 Why Time Markers?
Many languages express time through verb conjugation.
FarsiGo prefers expressing time through explicit time markers whenever possible.
Words such as دیروز, فردا, and قبلاً often communicate tense more directly than complex verb endings.
This makes the language easier to understand and easier to learn.
Time is expressed by words, not by conjugation.
9.5 Why Pinglish?
Pinglish is not an automatic transliteration.
It is an official writing system of FarsiGo.
It allows learners to read and write FarsiGo before mastering the Persian script.
It also makes the language accessible on any keyboard or device.
9.6 Why English-inspired Grammar?
FarsiGo is not based on English vocabulary.
It is inspired by the analytical structure of modern languages such as English.
English has become one of the world's most widely learned languages partly because of its relatively simple grammatical system.
FarsiGo adopts a similar design philosophy while preserving Persian words, sentence structure, and cultural identity.
The objective is not to make Persian more English.
The objective is to make Persian easier to learn.
9.7 Why Omit Perfect Tenses?
Perfect tenses introduce additional grammatical complexity.
In most everyday conversations, context and time markers already provide sufficient information.
FarsiGo therefore omits perfect tenses in Version 1.0.
Future versions may introduce them if practical experience demonstrates a clear benefit.
9.8 Why FarsiGo Exists
FarsiGo did not begin as a linguistic experiment.
It began as a UX project.
Years of designing software, learning foreign languages, and communicating with people from different cultures revealed the same problem repeatedly:
Many learners understand Persian vocabulary long before they become comfortable with Persian grammar.
They hesitate to speak because they fear making grammatical mistakes.
FarsiGo is designed to reduce that fear.
Its purpose is not to create perfect speakers.
Its purpose is to help people start communicating with confidence.
Communication comes before perfection.
Confidence comes before conjugation.
Final Principle
FarsiGo preserves the identity of Persian.
FarsiGo simplifies the grammar of Persian.
Language is a tool for communication before it is a system of rules.
We simplify grammar, not culture.